One size does not fit all glycemic targets for type 2 diabetes

The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study, and Diabetes Control and Complications Trial have shown that aggressive glucose control, especially early in the natural history of the disease, might result in a significant reduction of microvascular as well as macrovascular complications. However, more recent trials have increased the level of complexity of the relationship between ‘tight gluc…

Many faces of monogenic diabetes

Monogenic diabetes represents a heterogeneous group of disorders resulting from defects in single genes. Defects are categorized primarily into two groups: disruption of b-cell function or a reduction in the number of b-cells. A complex network of transcription factors control pancreas formation, and a dysfunction of regulators high in the hierarchy leads to pancreatic agenesis. Dysfunction amo…

Epigenetics: Reprogrammable interface of the genome and environments

Edition

Volume 5, Issue 2

ISBN/ISSN

2040-1124

Collation

Hlm. 119-120

Series Title

JDI Jurnal of Diabetes Investigation Volume 5, Issue 2 March 2014

Call Number

(05) 616.46 WIL j

JDI Jurnal of Diabetes Investigation Volume 5, Issue 2 March 2014

Edition

Volume 5, Issue 2

ISBN/ISSN

2040-1124

Collation

Hlm. 119-205

Series Title

-

Call Number

(05) 616.46 WIL j

Predictive factors of durability to sitagliptin: Slower reduction of glycated…

Aims/Introduction: The goal of the present study was to evaluate predictive factors for good efficacy and durability to sitagliptin with ongoing metformin or metformin plus glimepiride therapy in a real practice situation. The present observational study was carried out over a 60-week period and involved Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 mg of …

Diurnal variation of carbohydrate insulin ratio in adult type 1 diabetic pati…

To estimate the carbohydrate-to-insulin ratio (CIR), a formula dividing a constant, usually 300–500, by the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin, is widely utilized. An appropriate CIR varies for each meal of the day, however. Here, we investigate diurnal variation of CIR in hospitalized Japanese type 1 diabetic patients treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. After optimization o…

Age-associated changes of islet endocrine cells and the effects of body mass …

Aims/Introduction: Impaired growth and premature death of b-cells are implicated in the progression of islet pathology in type 2 diabetes. It remains unclear, however, how aging affects islet cells, or whether the islet change in diabetes is an augmented process of aging. We studied age-related changes of the islet structure in Japanese non-diabetic subjects and explored the underlying mechanis…

Sensory and motor physiological functions are impaired in gastric inhibitory …

Aims/Introduction: Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin secreted from the gastrointestinal tract after an ingestion of nutrients, and stimulates an insulin secretion from the pancreatic islets. Additionally, GIP has important roles in extrapancreatic tissues: fat accumulation in adipose tissue, neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system and an inhibition of bone resorp…

Role of insulin receptor substrate-1 for diethylnitrosamine plus high-fat die…

We investigated the role of insulin receptor substrate (Irs)-1 for diethylnitrosamine (DEN) plus high-fat (HF) diet-induced hepatic tumorigenesis in mice. We gave DEN by intraperitoneal injection at the dose of 80 mg/kg to 18-week-old wild-type (WT) and Irs1-knockout (Irs1-/-) mice, which were fed a HF diet from 8 weeks-of-age until they were killed (52 weeks). The Irs1-/- mice showed significa…

Palmitate induces reactive oxygen species production and b-cell dysfunction b…

Aims/Introduction: Chronic hyperlipidemia impairs pancreatic b-cell function, referred to as lipotoxicity. We have reported an important role of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction by activation of Src, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, in impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS) from diabetic rat islets. In the present study, we investigated the role of ROS productio…