Aims/Introduction: The associations between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic vascular complications of type 2 diabetes remain uncertain. We assessed the relationships between NAFLD and chronic vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 929) attending a diabetes clinic of a university hospital were studi…
To estimate the carbohydrate-to-insulin ratio (CIR), a formula dividing a constant, usually 300–500, by the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin, is widely utilized. An appropriate CIR varies for each meal of the day, however. Here, we investigate diurnal variation of CIR in hospitalized Japanese type 1 diabetic patients treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. After optimization o…
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the main cause of death in diabetic patients, and once it has developed, diabetic patients have a worse outcome as compared with nondiabetic patients. One reason for this is the difficulty of early diagnosis of atherosclerotic change in these patients. Although cardiovascular risk assessment based on conventional risk factors is recommended for predicting ca…
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan suatu kelompok penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia yang terjadi karena kelainan sekresi insulin, kerja insulin atau kedua-duanya. Dari 40 rumah sakit di Jawa Barat melaporkan kasus DM sebanyak 4.233 orang pada tahun 2014 maka penyakit DM diperlukan penatalaksanaan khusus, salah satu penatalaksanaan penyakit DM yaitu dengan olahraga. Olahraga me…